High risks & low efficiency: manual monitoring is time-consuming and prone to errors.
Water quality fluctuations: poor dissolved oxygen or pH balance can lead to mass fish deaths.
Disease outbreaks: difficult to detect early without continuous monitoring.
Consumer demand: higher expectations for food safety and traceability.
Sensing: Water Quality Sensors: pH, DO, NH₃-N, turbidity, temperature, water level, ORP. Sensors, ultrasonic flow.
Transmission: Data loggers (default 5-minute sampling), gateways
Automation Controllers: aerators, feeders, and water circulation systems.
Visual Monitoring: underwater robots, high-resolution cameras, thermal imaging.
Video: Underwater robots for inspection/thermal cameras (fish behavior analysis)
Parameter | Sensor Type | Optimal Range | Risks Beyond Range |
---|---|---|---|
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) | Optical/Electrode Sensor | ≥5mg/L (breeding) | <3mg/L: Mass mortality |
Ammonia Nitrogen | Ion-Selective Electrode | ≤0.2mg/L (hatchery) | >2mg/L: Acute toxicity |
Temperature | Waterproof Probe | Species-specific* | ±5°C disrupts metabolism |
pH | Glass Electrode | 6.5–8.5 (freshwater) | <6.5 or >9.0: Gill damage |
Turbidity | Optical Scattering | <50 NTU (clear water) | High turbidity reduces respiration efficiency |
Leveraging digital twin technology, the system integrates sensor data and video surveillance to build an interactive 3D aquaculture environment model. This enables:
Data visualization and remote management via mobile APP/PC terminals.
Tiered alerts (critical/over-threshold) for real-time monitoring.
Automated pond control (water exchange, aeration, feeding triggered by thresholds), significantly reducing labor and resource use while achieving precision farming.
Real-time Monitoring: continuous data from sensors, accessible via PC & mobile.
Automated Control: thresholds trigger aeration, water exchange, and feeding.
Predictive Management: AI models and ORP-based feeding reduce waste.
Tiered Alerts: early warning before water parameters reach critical levels.
Traceability: blockchain-enabled records ensure transparency.
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